The Political Campaign of 1804

For the political campaign of 1804, it was cleargathered and nominated a committee of men
that Thomas Jefferson would once more be hiswhose goal was to "promote the success of the
party's nominee for president. Leaders of theRepublican nominations." Thirteen men were
Republican Party decided to focus on theirchosen for the committee: Seven were senators,
nominee for vice president.six were members of the House of
The Twelfth Amendment had not yet beenRepresentatives, and they were from 13 different
ratified (although ultimately it would be ratifiedstates. Their mission was not only to ensure
before the election), so there was not yet aThomas Jefferson's reelection but also to
system in place for nominating both president andguarantee that his vice was a supportive
vice president on a single ballot. Instead, the oldRepublican.
system was still in use. Whoever received theThis was a significant development in political
most electoral votes would become president; thecampaigning, as this group of 13 men represents
runner-up would be vice president. Republicansthe first formal national party organization
wanted to select a potential vice president whoestablished to elect a president and vice president.
was popular and appealing enough to surpass allThe party's ultimate choice for the vice
other candidates but not so strong that he wouldpresidential candidate was the governor of New
get more votes than Jefferson.York, George Clinton. In addition to his experience
Aaron Burr, Jefferson's vice in his first term, wasand political prominence, Clinton added geographical
not considered for the political campaign ticket thisbalance to a ticket whose presidential candidate
time. Burr and Jefferson had originally tied in thecame from Virginia.
election of 1800, and Jefferson had alwaysThe campaign was particularly eager to focus its
questioned Burr's loyalty and largely ignored himattention on the New England states. Before 1800,
during the first term. While serving as viceNew England had been strongly Federalist. During
president, Burr ran for election as governor ofJefferson's presidency, his party concentrated its
New York but was defeated. Later, he wasefforts on ensuring that the Republican Party was
involved in a duel with Alexander Hamilton thatnot merely a Southern political party, but a
resulted in Hamilton's death.national party.
In February 1804, a group of Republicans