French Government

Conventional long form: Frenchpresident of the National Assembly, and three
Republicconventional short form: Francelocal longappointed by the president of the Senate; Council
form: République Françaiselocal shortof State or Conseil d'Etat.
form: FrancePolitical parties and leaders: Citizens Movement or
Government type: republicMdC [Jean Pierre CHEVENEMENT]; Communist,
Capital: ParisRepublican, and Citizen or CRC (mainly PCF)
Administrative divisions: 22 regions (regions,[leader NA]; Democratic and European Social Rally
singular - region); Alsace, Aquitaine, Auvergne,or RDES (mainly RAD and PRG) [leader NA];
Basse-Normandie, Bourgogne, Bretagne, Centre,French Communist Party or PCF [Robert HUE];
Champagne-Ardenne, Corse, Franche-Comte,Generation Ecology [Brice LALONDE]; Independent
Haute-Normandie, Ile-de-France,Ecological Movement or MEI [Antoine
Languedoc-Roussillon, Limousin, Lorraine,WAECHTER]; Left Radical Party or PRG
Midi-Pyrenees, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Pays de la Loire,(previously Radical Socialist Party or PRS and the
Picardie, Poitou-Charentes, Provence-Alpes-CoteLeft Radical Movement or MRG) [Jean-Michel
d'Azur, Rhone-Alpes.note: metropolitan France isBAYLET]; Liberal-Christian Right [Charles MILLON];
divided into 22 regions (including the "territorialLiberal Democracy or DL (originally Republican
collectivity" of Corse or Corsica) and is subdividedParty or PR) [Alain MADELIN]; Movement for
into 96 departments; see separate entries for theFrance or MPF [Philippe DE VILLIERS]; Movement
overseas departments (French Guiana,of Reformers [Jean-Pierre SOISSON]; National
Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion) and the overseasFront or FN [Jean-Marie LE PEN]; National
territorial collectivities (Mayotte, Saint Pierre andRepublican Movement [Bruno MEGRET]; Popular
Miquelon).Party for French Democracy or PPDF [Herve DE
Dependent areas: Bassas da India, ClippertonCHARETTE]; Radical Party or RP [Francois LOOS];
Island, Europa Island, French Polynesia, FrenchRally for France or RPF [Charles PASQUA]; Rally
Southern and Antarctic Lands, Glorioso Islands,for the Republic or RPR [Michelle ALLIOT-MARIE];
Juan de Nova Island, New Caledonia, TromelinRepublicans and Independents or RI (mainly DL)
Island, Wallis and Futuna.note: the US does not[leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [Francois
recognize claims to Antarctica.HOLLANDE]; The Greens [Dominique VOYNET];
Independence: 486 (unified by Clovis)Union for French Democracy or UDF (coalition of
National holiday: Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)DL, CDS, UDF, RP, and other parties) [Francois
Constitution: 28 September 1958, amendedBAYROU]; Union for the
concerning election of president in 1962, amendedPresidential Majority or UMP (includes RPR, DL,
to comply with provisions of EC Maastrichtsome UDF, and RPF) [Alain JUPPE]; Union of the
Treaty in 1992, Amsterdam Treaty in 1996,Center or UDC [leader NA].
Treaty of Nice in 2000; amended to tightenPolitical pressure groups and leaders:
immigration laws 1993.Communist-controlled labor union (Confederation
Legal system: civil law system with indigenousGenerale du Travail) or CGT, nearly 2.4 million
concepts; review of administrative but notmembers (claimed); independent labor union or
legislative acts.Force Ouvriere, 1 million members (est.);
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal.elections:independent white-collar union or Confederation
president elected by popular vote for a five-yearGenerale des Cadres, 340,000 members
term (changed from seven-year term in 2001);(claimed); Movement of French Enterprises
election last held 21 April and 5 May 2002 (next to(Mouvement des entrprises de France) or MEDEF;
be held, first round NA April 2007, second roundnote - name used to be National Council of French
NA May 2007); prime minister nominated by theEmployers (Conseil National du Patronat Francais)
National Assembly majority and appointed by theor CNPF or Patronat; Socialist-leaning labor union
president.(Confederation Francaise Democratique du Travail)
Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament oror CFDT, about 800,000 members (est.).
Parlement consists of the Senate or Senat (321International organization participation: ACCT,
seats - 296 for metropolitan France, 13 forAfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, CCC,
overseas departments and territories, and 12 forCDB (non-regional), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECA
French nationals abroad; members are indirectly(associate), ECE, ECLAC, EIB, EMU, ESA, ESCAP,
elected by an electoral college to serve nine-yearEU, FAO, FZ, G- 5, G- 7, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD,
terms; elected by thirds every three years) andICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC,
the National Assembly or Assemblee NationaleIFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, InOC,
(577 seats; members are elected by popular voteIntelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO,
under a single-member majoritarian system toMIPONUH, MONUC, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA,
serve five-year terms).NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA,
Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Appeals or CourSPC, UN, UN Security Council, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
de Cassation, judges are appointed by theUNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNITAR,
president from nominations of the High Council ofUNMIBH, UNMIK, UNOMIG, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNU,
the Judiciary; Constitutional Council or ConseilUPU, WADB (nonregional), WCL, WEU, WFTU,
Constitutionnel, three members appointed by theWHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC.
president, three members appointed by the