| The government in the United States consists of | | | | and judicial (the courts). This way, each branch of |
| different parts and it is a very complicated | | | | power has a certain authority over the |
| system, as the result. Looking at the | | | | others.going back to the main question "why does |
| political-philosophical background of the American | | | | the government always consist of the two |
| government may be helpful in explaining this novel | | | | parties and not just one?", first it should be noted |
| and unique complexity. the philosophical bases, | | | | that two branches of executive and legislative are |
| minded by the Founding Fathers when shaping the | | | | included in this regard _the judicial branch is |
| government in 1787 after the Revolution and | | | | excluded, because it is the President that chooses |
| composing the Constitution has been multifold, but | | | | and appoints the judges for life, not the people. |
| mainly focusing on theories of Montesquieu | | | | On the other hand, the President and members |
| (divided government), Thomas Hobbes | | | | of the Congress are elected somehow directly by |
| (democracy), and John Lock (liberal democracy). | | | | the people (not perfectly, due to the liberal |
| These three weave tightly together to shape | | | | democratic tradition in avoiding the minority |
| what we see now in the government of the | | | | dictatorship). |
| United States. what this paper is going to search | | | | There are two main ideas for explaining this |
| back in the historical philosophy, however, is | | | | popular behavior in having the two branches each |
| analyzing not why the American government is | | | | is in the hand of one party. The first says it is the |
| ruled and maintained by the two party system, | | | | Constitution-consciousness of the people that |
| but to find out why it is divided almost always | | | | leads them to choose consciously to have two |
| between the two parties (that is, why at least | | | | branches under the control of two parties. That is |
| two main parties take control of parts of | | | | to say, it is an American mind to fear the |
| government, such that they make a balance in | | | | oligarchy. In fact, if the affiliates of a party is |
| the control of power. | | | | powerful and multiple in number that it can decide |
| As the word "divided" may suggest, the situation | | | | to force one party into the White House, then |
| takes its roots from Montesquieu. That is, as | | | | the same amount of members exist for forcing |
| Montesquieu argues, the control of power should | | | | the same party into the Congress. What makes |
| be spread in different parts of an entity, i.e. | | | | voters not to do that is the mentioned fear of |
| government, so that the possibility of abuse of | | | | oligarchy, in spite of the fact that they may have |
| power is reduced to the least. Of course this is in | | | | accepted the principles of that party. |
| line with other American basic political philosophies, | | | | On the other hand, the second idea speaks of the |
| democracy and liberal democracy, because it | | | | situation as an accidental one. It proposes that the |
| conforms to the principles of democracy that is | | | | historical devotion of power of each branch to |
| against the power of the minority, or oligarchy. | | | | each of the two parties isn't something to be |
| The divided government is now known in the | | | | done consciously, but accidentally. For example, |
| American political terminology as the total system | | | | the affiliates of the party chosen for the |
| of "checks and balances". The system maintains | | | | executive branch are not so many to provide |
| the embodiment of the division of government in | | | | force to fill the Congress vocations as well. |
| the form of binaries and/or vertical-horizontal | | | | The historical fact that during several elections of |
| divisions of power. It can be seen in federal, | | | | each branch held in the nation's history, the |
| states and municipal governments. The other | | | | strange and interesting division has survived, |
| division of power is done vertically by cutting the | | | | although it has not been set as a rule in the |
| federal government into three branches: | | | | Constitution, suggests the first idea as logical and |
| executive (the President), legislative (Congress), | | | | acceptable. |